The debate surrounding the impact of class size on student success has been ongoing for decades, with some arguing that class size does not significantly affect the quality of education. However, research indicates otherwise, highlighting the importance of understanding the relationship between class size and student achievement, as well as teacher retention, in shaping the future of our educational system.
Research into the effects of class size on student achievement has been a subject of study for many years. While some have found it challenging to isolate and measure the specific impact of class size, there is a growing body of evidence supporting the benefits of smaller class sizes. The National Center for Education Statistics has noted an increase in pupil-teacher ratios following the 2008 recession, pointing to a shift towards larger class sizes.
Despite some disagreements over the cost-effectiveness of pursuing the benefits of small class sizes, most researchers agree that smaller classes have a positive impact, particularly on students in younger grades. One of the most renowned studies supporting this notion is the Tennessee Student Teacher Achievement Ratio (STAR) project conducted in the 1980s. The STAR project randomly assigned students to either small classes (13 to 17 students per teacher) or large classes (22 to 25 students per teacher) and found a clear advantage for students in smaller classes in terms of achievement, particularly in the kindergarten years.
In 2011, the Brookings Institution reviewed the STAR project and confirmed the findings, noting a 32% increase in student achievement in smaller classes, equivalent to an additional three months of education over four years. Additionally, twenty years after the completion of the STAR project, the National Education Association (NEA) published a policy brief highlighting the long-term benefits of smaller class sizes. The NEA’s examination of follow-up studies on STAR students revealed higher achievement levels in various subjects, increased positivity towards learning, and a higher likelihood of high school graduation among students who were in smaller classes for at least three years.
The Benefits of Small Class Sizes
Better Teacher/Student Relationships
In smaller classes, students have the opportunity to establish stronger relationships with their teachers, receiving more individualized attention and support. Researcher Tyrone Howard emphasizes the importance of these relationships, stating that schools often prioritize academics over fostering connections between students and teachers. Strong teacher-student relationships can lead to improved outcomes for both parties.
More Customized Instruction
With fewer students to manage, teachers in smaller classes can provide more personalized instruction tailored to individual student needs. This personalized approach allows teachers to identify and address specific learning challenges, leading to increased academic achievement. Matthew Lynch, a professor of education, notes that small class sizes enhance teachers’ ability to offer personalized instruction, ultimately improving efficacy and student outcomes.
Classrooms Become More Collaborative
Smaller class sizes promote a collaborative learning environment where students engage with their peers and build relationships. In contrast to larger classes where students may feel isolated or form cliques, smaller classes encourage interaction and support among students. This collaborative atmosphere fosters a sense of community and encourages active participation in learning activities.
Topics are Explored In-Depth
In smaller classes, teachers have more time to delve into topics and explore concepts in greater depth. With fewer distractions and disruptions, educators can focus on providing comprehensive instruction and addressing student inquiries. The National Council of Teachers of English highlights that students in smaller classes spend less time off-task, allowing for more meaningful exploration of subject matter.
Teachers Stick Around
Smaller class sizes contribute to a more manageable and fulfilling teaching environment, reducing teacher attrition rates. Educators are more likely to remain in their positions when they can deliver quality instruction and engage with students effectively. Addressing class size concerns is crucial in retaining experienced teachers and combating the ongoing teacher shortage in education.
Lead the Way to Better Class Sizes
As the landscape of education evolves, teachers play a pivotal role in advocating for smaller class sizes to enhance student achievement and support teacher retention. Institutions like Bethel University are at the forefront of promoting small class sizes that positively impact student success. Bethel’s online master’s degree in educational leadership program is designed to empower educators to lead change in their classrooms and communities. With a curriculum focused on addressing diverse learner needs, fostering ethical practices, and enhancing community relations, the program equips educators with the skills needed to advance their careers.
With accelerated course options and flexible scheduling, educators can tailor their learning experience to meet their professional goals. By prioritizing small class sizes and personalized instruction, Bethel University is paving the way for a more effective and engaging educational experience for both teachers and students.
In conclusion, the impact of class size on student success is a critical consideration in shaping the future of education. Research consistently supports the benefits of smaller class sizes, highlighting improvements in student achievement, teacher retention, and overall learning outcomes. By prioritizing smaller class sizes, educators can foster stronger relationships, provide customized instruction, promote collaboration, explore topics in-depth, and create a supportive learning environment. Institutions like Bethel University are leading the way in championing small class sizes to enhance student success and empower educators to make a lasting impact in the field of education.