Community college students face unique challenges when it comes to transferring to four-year universities, especially those studying far from these institutions. A recent study conducted by the RP Group shed light on the difficulties these students encounter, offering insights that could shape future higher education policies in California.
The study revealed that while most community colleges in California are conveniently located within a 25-mile radius of a California State University (CSU) or University of California (UC) campus, there are 29 colleges situated further away. Among these colleges, the transfer rates from two-year to four-year institutions were significantly lower. The research team, led by Darla Cooper and Daisy Segovia, found that colleges located at least 87 miles from the nearest UC or CSU had a mere 28% transfer rate, lagging behind colleges within a 25-mile radius by 8 percentage points.
Factors Affecting Transfer Rates
Proximity to a four-year public university is just one piece of the puzzle when it comes to community college transfer rates. The RP Group’s research identified several common practices that contribute to successful transfers, such as completing transferable courses in math and English early on, seeking guidance from academic advisers, and participating in student programs like Umoja and Puente. Financial considerations also play a significant role, with the cost of university education cited as a top barrier to continuing education by California community college students.
The study’s findings come at a time of heightened awareness around regional workforce shortages in critical fields like education and nursing, prompting discussions on making bachelor’s degrees more accessible to students who could help fill these gaps. While California’s historical higher education plan reserved bachelor’s degrees for four-year universities, recent legislative changes have allowed community colleges to offer up to 30 baccalaureate degree programs annually, resulting in the addition of dozens of new offerings. However, stringent regulations dictate which degrees can be offered, preventing duplication of programs already available at CSU or UC campuses.
Exploring Education Deserts and Equity Issues
The RP Group’s study delved into the concept of “education deserts,” areas with limited access to higher education institutions, to understand how geographic isolation impacts equitable transfer outcomes. By categorizing community colleges based on their distance from public universities, researchers uncovered demographic trends among students attending colleges in these “university education deserts.” Tier 1 and Tier 2 colleges, located furthest from four-year institutions, tended to serve a higher percentage of Latino students, first-generation students, and low-income students compared to colleges in closer proximity.
The study also highlighted disparities in transfer rates based on race and ethnicity, revealing that students at Tier 1 institutions faced lower odds of successful transfer compared to their counterparts at colleges closer to universities. Notably, many students from Tier 1 colleges who did transfer chose out-of-state universities, underscoring the impact of geographic distance on students’ educational journeys.
In the quest for solutions to improve transfer rates for community college students in remote areas, researchers are considering factors beyond proximity to in-state universities. Interviews with students could provide valuable insights into how geographic location influences their educational experiences, while partnerships between community colleges and nearby universities offer promising strategies to facilitate smoother transitions. Initiatives like dual admission programs and guaranteed seats for transfers demonstrate a commitment to supporting students’ educational aspirations, even across long distances.
The challenges faced by community college students navigating the transfer process underscore the need for innovative approaches to higher education accessibility. By addressing issues of geographic isolation, financial constraints, and equity, policymakers and educators can work towards a more inclusive and supportive educational landscape for all students.
